This page provides a detailed look into plans to restore and beautify the lower Burke Estate.
The property has changed significantly over the years. As seen in our History of the Burke Estate page, the estate was formerly an open meadow, which had a lazy stream emptying into a small duck pond.
Within only the past few decades, native biodiveristy has collapsed in the Burke. Species like Cattails and Spring peepers were documented as recently as 2005 but now are completely extirpated.
The major causes of this issue include
Human intervention - such as litter, land movement, and planting of unsuitable species
Pollution and chemical contamination- insecticide spraying during the West Nile epidemic, runoff from nearby roads and greenspaces
Invasive species
See the sections below to learn more about the ways we are working towards a restored Burke Estate.
(Click link to jump to section)
We must accurately find what the lower Burke once was, and what it is now, in order to find what it could be in the future.
Documentation to be collected may include:
Historic ecological data
Old maps and photographs
Wildlife assessments, such as species counts and populations
Contemporary photographs and logs
Weather and temperature reports
Water & soil quality tests
Behind habitat destruction, invasive species are the second leading cause of extinction. 1/3 of species extinction can be traced back to invasive influence. We've seen this play out in the Burke - the cattails which lined the stream a decade ago have now been replaced by invasive European common reed.
To restore this environment we must re-establish native biodiversity, and that can't happen without the control and ongoing management of invasive species within the park.
The Burke Estate Invasives Handbook provides live and up-to-date information about the invasives found in the park, and the mitigation strategies currently being employed.
Click the thumbnail above to view the handbook
The Hastings Vine Squad has demonstrated effective controls on many invasives - such as cutting and pulling. These tried and true methods are our first line of defense at the Burke.
Other non-chemical methods of invasive mitigation exist, but the efficacy is not yet known in our environment. The Burke Estate provides a wonderful opportunity to pair with the school in experimenting with these methods to determine whether it can be used locally.
The current methods are currently being experimented with:
All plants are adapted to living within a narrow range of temperatures and light concentrations. Solarization uses this against invasive plants, by both limiting light and greatly increasing soil temperature. This technique is typically used in more southerly locations, and against agricultural pests.
To perform solarization the plant matter is cut back as much as possible, the soil is saturated with water, and a thin layer of plastic is rolled on top. The plastic allows light to pass into the soil which heats the water to create steam. This steam kills all life in the soil. Experimental models have shown that worms and other small animals leave the site as it becomes inhospitable, and native microorganisms rapidly return once the solarization is complete.
We are currently testing if solarization can kill the root systems of the Common Mugwort - a particularly nasty invader which does not respond to cutting or pulling. We are leaving the sheeting down for the entire summer, and will determine our results in the fall.
If you are walking past, feel free to pour some water under the sheeting. Any little bit helps!
Some invasive species with significant energy storage in their roots can be managed or eradicated through continual cutting back. This eventually exhausts the plant - making it unable to spread.
Common reed (Phragmites australis) is a notoriously difficult invasive to manage. We have two large stands (The north and south wetland) which have completely displaced all other herbaceous vegetation.
We are experimenting with mowing as a mechanical control on the portions of the northern wetland phragmites stand.
With the massive infestation of invasive species in the Burke, we risk the riparian, wetland, and stream ecosystems being disrupted by both the invasives and their removal.
Replanting live trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants, allows us to intentionally manage the ecosystem to maintain appropriate health and quality.
Casting native seeds builds up a bank of both annual and perennial plant stock, which persist in the soil until germination is triggered. Tearing out invasive plants leaves an opening in the ecosystem which must be filled, and native plants will often rejoin that role if they are given the opportunity. Casting seeds is a cost-effective way of helping that process speed up.
The following seeds are being considered for dispersal:
Black Eyed Susan
Coneflower
Primrose
Blue Vervain
False Solomon’s Seal
Spiderwort
Boneset
Ferns
Swamp Milkweed
Bottle Gentian
Field Thistle
Wild bergamot
Butterfly weed
Golden Alexander
Wild Geranium
Calico Aster
Gray Goldenrod
Wild Golden Glow
Cardinal Flower
Narrowleaf mountain mint
Wrinkleleaf goldenrod
Common Milkweed
New England aster
How can anyone love what they can't see? By mounting signs we can eliminate 'nature blindness', allowing people to see the value of the Lower Burke Estate with fresh eyes.
The Lower Burke is a local secret - many people don't know it even exists. That should be remedied! Through pamphlets at the community center, articles in local news, booths at community events, and posts on social media, we can let people know what's there waiting for them.
Many ecologically minded people already live in our community, and are involved in various environmental groups. Relationships with these community groups should be built and maintained. Together we can do more than we could apart.
The Burke is an asset to the School. Aside from the playing fields, the lower burke has a range of ecosystems and historical artifacts. These should be made known and available to the school.
Litter has been accumulating in the park for over a hundred years. Hot spots include:
Along Broadway - motorists throw trash out of their windows
Near bus stop - passengers leave refuse behind before boarding the bus
Beside walking routes - trash is thrown on the ground by pedestrians as they walk the paths
In Common Reed beds - bottles and food containers are thrown deep into the reed
A place where trash collects is a dump, and until we collect the trash on the Burke it will continue being thought of as a dump.
Native vegetation has begun to block paths in the estate. The common reed infestation continues to spread outward, making routes impassible. Trees have dropped limbs onto walkways. Roses and poison ivy have made former walkways hazardous to traverse.
Each of these issues must be mitigated in order to maintain necessary paths. If the Burke cannot be accessed, it will never be valued.
Walls, ponds, culverts, and bridges can be found throughout the park. These historic stone features are currently collapsed and covered by invasive vine growth. They should be exposed, restored, and marked, so that they can be appreciated by our community.
Yard waste is currently being dumped on the perimeter of the property. Composting is a valuable ecological tool which should be encouraged, therefore we should capture this yard waste into marked compost zones where it can be managed systematically.
There is no place to sit or throw away trash in the lower Burke Estate. This has encouraged littering, and discouraged passive recreation - if you have no place to sit, how long will you stay and enjoy the area?
Accessing the lower Burke is difficult. Typically it requires walking from the upper Burke Estate, crossing Route 9 without crosswalks, or walking through poison ivy. For those who have limited mobility, the park is inaccessible.
Make crosswalks across route 9
Create an accessible drop-off point at the Broadway gate
Construct ADA compliant boardwalks, so that anyone can enjoy this beautiful area - and as a bonus, protect the delicate wetland environment from uncontrolled pedestrian access.
The Burke can be used as an educational venue to learn about the preservation and cultivation of ecological spaces, and thereby model how the public can relate to the park moving forward.
Workshops which could be run include:
Native gardening
Invasive identification & removal
Animal habitat protection - such as birdhouses and pollinator plants
The management of invasive species needs to occur at a local level - with everyone lending a hand in both spotting infestations and removing existing invasive stands.
Many people don't know what plants are native or invasive. By mounting signs clearly explaining how to ID an invasive plant, we enable the public to get involved in protecting their own local ecology. Collection points (such as trash cans or bins) also further encourages individuals to seek out and remove these plants.
The Burke Estate belongs to the school, and the school's students can use this property to connect their classes to real-world settings.
Ecological interventions should always be results driven and science based. Data points such as wildlife censuses, vegetation density and population, environmental conditions, and water quality reports, shall be used to determine if a given intervention is efficacious within the setting of the park.